Exercises Section 2 – Truth Tables for Statement Types (40 points total): Complete
the following two steps. First, construct a complete truth table for the following
symbolic statements. Second, indicate whether the statement is a tautology, a
contradiction, or contingent.
1. P → ∼P
2. ∼(T ⦁ ∼T) ⌵ S
3. (∼A ⌵ B) ↔ (A → B)
4. [(P ⦁ Q) ⌵ ∼P] → Q
5. ∼[(P ⦁ R) → (R ⌵ ∼R)]
Exercises Section 3 – Truth Tables, Arguments, and Validity (40 points total):
Complete the following steps. First, construct a complete truth table for the following
arguments. Then indicate whether the argument is valid or invalid. If it is invalid,
write the truth values for the atomic statements that show the argument to be
invalid. You may use additional paper. If you do so, please be sure to clearly mark
which question you are answering.
1.
1. P ⦁ Q
2. ∴ P → Q
2.
1. P ↔ (P ⌵ ∼Q)
2. ∼Q
3. ∴ P
3.
1. ∼(A ⌵ ~B)
2. C → B
3. ∴ ∼(C ⌵ A)
4.
1. A → (B ⦁ C)
2. B ↔ (∼C → ∼B)
3. ∴ ∼B ⦁ C
